Everything about Amba Mariam totally explained
Amba Mariam is a village in central
Ethiopia (Formerly
Abyssinia). It was known as
Magdala or
Meqdela (መቅደላ
meḳdelā) during the reign of Emperor
Tewodros II of Ethiopia. Located in the
Debub Wollo Zone of the
Amhara Region, Amba Mariam has a longitude and latitude of .
Based on figures from the
Central Statistical Agency in 2005, this town has an estimated total population of 1,899, of whom 988 were males and were 911 females.
History
Before Emperor Tewodros II conquered Magdala on
22 September 1855, it had been a mountain stronghold, or
amba of the
Wollo Oromo. He constructed a number of buildings on the top of the mountain, including a church and a palace. In
1867, he imprisoned several
British diplomats inside the fortress over a perceived insult from Queen
Victoria. A
British military expedition led by Sir
Robert Napier landed at
Annesley Bay on
4 December and set up a base camp at
Zula before advancing on Magdala, which they reached in April,
1868. Abandoned by the nobility and his followers, and after his remaining troops engaged the British forces at the
Battle of Magdala. Tewodros withdrew into the fortress on Amba Mariam and killed himself with a pistol a few days later as the final assault began. This incident is fictionalized in the novel
Flashman on the March.
The British entered the capital, where they rescued the diplomats. Before departing from Abyssinia, Sir Robert allowed his troops to loot and burn Magdala, including its churches. The expedition looted a large number of treasures and religious items such as
tabots, which today one can still see in various museums and libraries in Europe, as well as in private collections. A few items have been returned to Ethiopia, the most important being the crown of Tewodros II, which King
George V personally presented to the future Emperor
Haile Selassie on his visit to England in
1925.
Little remains of Tewodros's capital; the most visible item being Tewodros's
cannon "
Sebastopol".
Notes
Further Information
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